Analisis Faktor Determinan Anak Pelaku Tindak Pidana Sexual Abuse Dengan Pendekatan Adverse Childhood Experiences (Studi Kualitatif Anak Binaan Di LPKA Kelas II Maros)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63477/jols.v3i4.651Keywords:
Children Who Commit Offenses, Child Sexual Abuse, Childhood TraumaAbstract
Fenomena anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana kekerasan seksual (child-perpetrated sexual abuse) merupakan persoalan kriminologis yang kompleks dan jarang dikaji melalui pendekatan naratif di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan gambaran Inner Child dan mengidentifikasi faktor determinan Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) pada anak binaan pelaku kekerasan seksual di sebuah Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA) di Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, melibatkan empat anak binaan sebagai informan kunci serta dua informan pendukung (staf pembinaan dan tenaga kesehatan) untuk triangulasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam semiterstruktur, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat subjek memiliki luka Inner Child yang berakar dari kekerasan fisik, kekerasan verbal, dan pengabaian emosional kronis, disertai rasa malu yang mengakar (toxic shame), namun jalur menuju perilaku menyimpang bervariasi mulai dari siklus viktimisasi-menjadi-pelaku, legitimasi kekerasan melalui modeling figur otoritas, hingga defisit regulasi diri akibat kekosongan relasi. Faktor ACEs yang paling konsisten muncul adalah pengabaian emosional, kekerasan fisik/verbal, riwayat viktimisasi seksual, dan penyalahgunaan zat oleh anggota keluarga, yang bekerja secara kumulatif sesuai prinsip dose-response. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya skrining ACEs dan layanan pembinaan berbasis trauma (trauma-informed care) di lembaga pemasyarakatan anak sebagai bagian dari upaya rehabilitasi dan pencegahan residivisme.
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