Pergeseran Paradigma Pemidanaan Dalam KUHP Nasional: Dari Retributivisme Menuju Model Integratif Pemidanaan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63477/jols.v3i2.583Keywords:
Shift, Sentencing, Criminal Code, Retributive, IntegrativeAbstract
The reform of Indonesian criminal law through Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code marks a fundamental shift in the structure of the national sentencing system. This change does not merely replace colonial-era criminal provisions but also introduces a new orientation regarding the objectives, guidelines, and types of punishment. This study aims to analyze whether these changes signify a paradigm shift from a retributive sentencing system toward an integrative sentencing model. The research employs a normative-juridical method utilizing statutory, conceptual, historical, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that the National Criminal Code does not entirely abandon the retributive paradigm but repositions retribution as one element within a broader sentencing framework. This new model integrates aspects of accountability, proportionate retribution, deterrence, public protection, rehabilitation, social reintegration, conflict resolution, and restoration. This framework aligns with the integrative sentencing theory developed by Muladi, which is grounded in a humanitarian perspective based on the Pancasila system. Consequently, the reform of the National Criminal Code is best understood not as a linear transition from retributivism to restorative justice, but rather as a transformation into a multidimensional, integrative sentencing model.
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